The organization of data of metal of clew of warmth of manufacturer of iron line handicraft

Manufacturer of storage rackSweet clew: The organization of metallic data
(one) what is an organization
This organization that touchs has macroscopical and microcosmic two kinds. Macrostructure is the direct form appearance of the each composition thing that the metallic data interior that the eye that points to 30 times the following magnifier or person can look carefully at directly has. Look carefully at the fracture surface organization of metallic data for example, the ply of cementite layer, and wait via the macrostructure after acerbity dip, common resolution is strung together is 0.15mm. Microstructure is the direct form appearance of the each composition thing that the metallic data interior that points to to be able to see below optical microscope has. Common limiting resolution is 0.2 micron (Um) . The content that it contains is all sorts of photographs, the appearance of all sorts of photographs, size, dispersed reach opposite quantity to wait. Via the metallic data sample of polishing, the examination falls in microscope, can analyse delibrate only the organization of metalloid field trash. The sample after classics dip corrode issues an examination in microscope, can see the organization of all sorts of configuration, but of the photograph a few for end rises
Will have following 3 kinds:
(1) single-phase organization it includes pure metal and single-phase alloy, what see below microscope is the polycrystal organization that makes polygonal grain composition.
(2) the game that two-phase structure organizes one kind this is very much.
(3) heterogeneous organizes most of a lot of tall alloy steel is the complex organization that has heterogeneous.
The opposite quantity of the photograph in these organizations, appearance, size, dispersed it is serious content.
(2) why should analyse delibrate organization
The metal learns the relation between construction of the composition that is interior of delibrate metal data, organization and function, and the rule that they change. The organization that says here is to point to He Jing of microstructure of organization of macrostructure, optical metallographic, electron body construction. We are emphasized those who discuss is optical metallographic microstructure. The performance that says here is to point to apply function and technical properties, former be like mechanical function, physical function and chemical function, if latter is pouring function, v function and heat deal with function. The metal learns is an experiment science, the delibrate theory summary that comes for years gives a such rules: The organization is the basis of function, function is constituent report. So when delibrate metal data, ought to emphasize the organization that analyses delibrate metal data. Organization as composition, consume craft condition and change. When consequently delibrate is organized, should analyse delibrate to affect the condition that organizes change.
(3) the condition that affects constituent change
Affecting the condition that organizes change is the composition of alloy above all. The alloy of different composition, show different organization, for example Cu-Zn alloy is, the quantity that contain Zn is less than 30% person, get single-phase brass, contain Zn to get two-phase brass in 40%-50% . Be like carbolic steel and white iron again, it is Fe-C department alloy together, contain carbon to be less than 2.11% person for steel, the quantity that contain carbon is more than 2.11% person for white iron, the organization of steel and white iron is in admittedly room temperature is by ferrite and cementite two-phase is comprised, but their constituent configuration, the opposite quantity difference of the photograph is very big. Because of this steel and white iron apply function and technical properties widely different. After the part of alloy is certain, the essential factor that affects metallic data to organize change consumes craft condition namely. Caky, v and heat deal with wait for pair of organizations make an impact great. Differ in the organization of the common and pouring ingot casting in consumption and successive ingot casting for example, former macrostructure shows region of fine brilliant waiting for an axis, columnar brilliant area reachs a center to wait for axial brilliant area greatly, petition typical ingot casting organization; Like that latter and columnar brilliant is flourishing, the axial brilliant such as the center is few. Be like again is to contain carbon to measure the carbolic steel of 0.2% , common flinch note the organization that the condition gets family name of the Kingdom of Wei is organized and anneal condition gets to be average ferrite grain and pearlite. It is 20 steel change area sky from austenite likewise cold get petty and average ferrite grain and pearlite.
The influence of afore-mentioned craft conditions, end rises main is the action that cooling rate makes to the organization. In addition, the influence that v is out of shape texture becomes pair of groups, also be extremely important, here no longer citing give uncecessary details. When analysing delibrate to organize so, want to ask the part of alloy, 2 should ask craft the condition.
(4) how to analyse delibrate organization
Want to make clear the composition of alloy above all, form the basis of alloy especially.
According to the composition of alloy, searching corresponding alloy is phasor, main n duality adds up to golden phasor to go up to be able to be in the metallic manual that concern at all check. The phasor of 3 yuan of alloy, can checking certain alloy only is, sectional or the isotherm of important alloy is perpendicular sectional graph. After checking concerned phasor, composition of according to alloy (bases) the alloy look that when finding balanced position, has. Single-phase, double photograph still is three-phase; And basis lever formula, roughly its measure the budget relatively, serve as the reference when methodize.
About a few more complex alloy, accurate phasor is not searched, can consult only the phasor of bases, according to us place pilot adds up to metallographic and binary phasor, the basic science of 3 yuan of phasor, all sorts of appearances that present in inferential differentiate organization.
Want to understand the history of this alloy next, i.e. understands the process of this alloy preparation. Raw material purity. Fusion method, caky process, craft of forge make friends, heat deals with craft.
The 3rd, want to understand the position of sample intercept, the method of sampling, grind the way of the face, the preparation of sample and microstructure show method to wait.
The 4th, below microscope, when practice is looked carefully at, use first times lower the panorama that looks carefully at an organization, use next be opposite times higher some photograph or certain details stop to be looked carefully at seriously. Final basis demand, reelection is like dark field with special method, polarized light, interpose, microscopical hardness, perhaps show way with special organization, affirm the alloy photograph that watchs further. Do first authorized, do mensurable test next.
Ration is analysed can contrast the normative graph of half ration, also can use the target of the delibrate of ocular measure place that heads surveyor's staff. Automatic image analyses appearance, it is the contemporary tool that metallographic ration checks.
Return the alloy photograph that cannot affirm about optical metallographic, affirm with diffractive method and electronic bougie.
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